Einstein's Proof of the Pythagorean Theorem
Steven Strogatz has a pretty piece at the New Yorker
http://www.newyorker.com/tech/elements/einsteins-first-proof-pythagorean-theorem
about a proof of the Pythagorean Theorem which Albert Einstein did as a boy. It's quite nice, and really gets at the reason why the Pythagorean Theorem is true. It even generalizes nicely.